NTIBISANZWE: indwara idasanzwe y’ubujura uwayirwaye ahora afite irari ryo kwiba, akaruhuka ari uko yibye
Waba warigeze kumva inkuru zivuga ku bujura bw’umwamikazi w’ubwongereza Elizabeth II? Mu myaka yatambutse hagiye hakwirakwira inkuru zitandukanye ariko zose zihuriza ku kuba uyu mwamikazi kuri ubu utakibarizwa mu isi y’abazima yari umujura. Ngo yagiraga akaboko karekare, bityo ngo aho yajyaga hose habaga hari umuntu umuri inyuma ugenda yishyura burikantu kose kibwe na we! Ese warabyemeraga, cg nimba ari n’ubwambere ubyumvise uri kubikurura ukabyumva? Cyaba ari igitangaza.
Ni inkuru zitabaga zifite ibimenyetso bifatika, wa mugani w’ibigezweho zabaga ari inkuru z’abamotari. Gusa ariko kandi ukuri ni uko ababibaraga batyo, cyabaga ari ikigare kuko bamwitiranyaga n’umugabekazi Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, ari na we mama w’umwamikazi Elizabeth II. Uwo ni we inkuru z’ubujura zavuzweho kenshi, ngo ntakintu yahitagaho kuko yaribaga ku rwego n’ingufuri zifunguraga, yapfaga kuba gusa azikubise imboni. Ngo aho yasuraga hose basigaraga bataka kubera kubiba.
Ni inkuru zamenyekanye cyane mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 21, ubwo ibitangazamakuru byinshi kandi bikomeye byatangiraga kwandika kuri uyu mugabekazi inkuru z’ubujura, ayo makuru yaturutse ku bihuha, inkuru z’abantu n’ibitangazamakuru byagiye bisubiramo kenshi ko akunda gutwara ibintu bitari ibye. Ibyo byaturutse ku makuru yavugwaga mu rukiko rw’ibwami, bikomeza kumuvugwaho imyaka myinshi kubera izina rye rikomeye n’igihe kirekire yabaye mu buzima rusange.
Ibinyacumi icumi bisagaho gato, ubwo ni ukuvuga imyaka irenga ijana, ni yo uyu mubyeyi yamaze ku isi kuko yabonye izuba mu mwaka w’i 1900, atabaruka ejobundi rwose mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 21 ubwo hari mu mwaka 2002, atanga afite imyaka 101.
Impamvu inkuru z’ubujura bwe zakomeje kubaho igihe kirekire, ni uko abanditsi b’amateka n’inzibutso, ibinyamakuru bikomeye n’amaradiyo yakomezaga gusakaza inkuru zivuga ko hari utuntu tw’amafuti tubura ahantu yasuye cyangwa ibintu bikabura nyuma bakabisanga mu bye. Ibyo bituma abantu babyemera kuko byasubirwagamo kenshi.
Hari n’izindi nkuru z’ibyamamare bigiye bitandukanye byagiye bishinjwa ubujura, gusa igitangaje ni uko ubujura bashinjwaga bitabaga ari ibintu bihambaye, wasangaga nk’umuntu utunze amamiriyoni y’amafaranga, Sri gushinjwa ko yibye umukufi w’amafaranga ibihumbi 2k, ubundi agashinjwa isaha, urunigi n’utundi tuntu nawe ubwawe wakwigondera.
Nyamara uretse umugabekaze Elizabeth Bowes byaje kugaragara ko byari ibihuha, abandi benshi byagiye byemezwa ko byari ukuri kugeza ubwo na bo biyemereraga ko babyibye koko, ni muri urwo rwego itsinda ry’abaganga b’inzobere baje kuvumbura ko atari ubujura busanzwe ahubwo ari uburwayi bwitwa KLEPTOMENIA.
Kleptomenia rero, ni uburwayi bufata umuntu, akumva afite irari ryo kwiba utuntu duto, bukamusunikira kwiba rwose ku buryo yumva yabuze amahoro, adatekereza neza yewe atanatekanye kugeza yibye.
Ni muri urwo rwego inkuru nyinshi zavugaga ko uyu mukecuru yaba yari arwaye iyi ndwara, ariko nk’uko amateka yanditswe n’abashakashatsi b’ukuri agaragaza ko uwo mugore yari umuntu wifitemo ubugwaneza, ubupfura, n’imico ya kera, yarutaga abandi mu rwego rw’imiryango n’icyubahiro. Yabaye umuntu ukunda gutanga impano, gukusanya ibintu by’urwibutso no kubika ibintu bifite agaciro k’amateka. Iyo myitwarire, mu buryo bw’inyabuzima n’umuco, byashoboraga gufatwa nabi n’abantu batamenyereye imigenzo y’ubwami.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko indwara ya kleptomania ifatwa nk’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe bufite ibisobanuro bya siyansi: umuntu yiba ibintu atari uko abikeneye, ahubwo abifashijwemo n’irari ritunguranye, hanyuma agahura n’agahinda nyuma yo kubikora.
Nta gihamya na kimwe cy’uko Umuggabekazi yabayeho muri ubwo buryo—nta byegeranyo by’abaganga, nta makuru y’uko byamuhangayikishije, kandi nta bimenyetso by’uko byamugizeho ingaruka mu mibereho ye.
Impamvu iyi nkuru yateye abantu benshi amatsiko
Kuba yari umuntu uzwi cyane: Yabayeho ikinyejana cyose, mu ruhame, mu muryango w’abanzi n’inshuti b’ubwami, kandi buri ntambwe ye yitabwagaho n’itangazamakuru.
Kuba yari umukecuru ufite imico yihariye: Abantu benshi bashakaga ibisobanuro ku mikorere ye, cyane cyane mu myaka ye ya nyuma ubwo yari umuntu ufite ubushobozi buke bwo kwibuka neza.
Kuba itangazamakuru ry’Abongereza ryarashakaga “inkuru ifite umunyu”: Abanyamakuru n’abanditsi bakoresheje iyi nkuru kugira ngo bavuge “inkuru isekeje” cyangwa “icyo bita ubwirasi bw’abakomeye.”
Reka tugaruke kuri ubu burwayi bwa Kleptomenia
Ubu burwayi butuma umuntu yumva ahatirwa kwiba utuntu duto, ari uko atadukeneye mu buzima bwe kandi atanabuze amafaranga yo kutugura. Nk’uko nabivuze haruguru bwitwa Kleptomenia muri terime za kiganga, bishatse kuvuga mu kinyarwanda impanuka yo kwiba idaturutse ku bushake, cyangwa kwiba utabishaka ahubwo kuko uhatirijwe n’intekerezo.
Umuntu urwaye iyi ndwara, bituma ahorana iryo rari ryo kwiba, noneho buri uko abikoze akumva aruhutse umutima (relief) ariko kandi akanumva atewe ipfunwe na byo ku buryo anicuza cyane.
Si uko aba ashaka indonke, ahubwo ni imbaraga zo mu mutwe zimuhatira gukora ikintu atagishaka. Umuntu aba azi ko kwiba ari bibi, ariko ntabashe kubyihanganira. Iyo amaze kwiba, nta nyungu abikuramo, ahubwo ashobora no gusubiza ibyo yibye.
Akenshi iryo rari ryo kwiba riza mu buryo butunguranye (impulse).
Abahanga mu by’imitekerereze bakomeje kugaragaza ko iyi ndwara ishobora kuba ituruka ku kugira Stress, ibibazo byo mu buzima bwo mu mutwe (nko kugira agahinda gakabije, bipolar disorder, cyangwa obsessive-compulsive disorder).
Abaganga bavuga ko ifitanye isano no kutabasha kugenzura imyitwarire (impulse control disorder).
Kleptomania yamenyekanye bwa mbere mu buvuzi bwo mu mutwe mu kinyejana cya 19 (mu myaka ya 1800s).
Ijambo “kleptomania” rikomoka ku magambo y’ikigiriki:
kleptein = kwiba
mania = gusongwa cyangwa kurwara
→ bivuze “gusongwa n’irari ryo kwiba”.
Mu mwaka wa 1816–1838, abaganga b’Abafaransa n’Abadage batangiye kuyivuga mu bitabo bya mbere by’ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe.
Umuganga w’Umufaransa witwaga Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol ni umwe mu batanze ibisobanuro bya mbere kuri iyi ndwara.
Yavugaga ko hari abantu “biba kubera indwara yo mu mutwe, bitari ubunyamaswa cyangwa ubujura”.
Mu 1838, iyi ndwara yashyizwe mu byiciro by’indwara z’imitekerereze (psychiatric disorders) bwa mbere — ni bwo twavuga ko kleptomania “yadutse” cyangwa yemejwe nk’indwara mu buryo bwemewe n’ubuvuzi.
Kuva kera abantu babaga bakora ibyaha byo kwiba, ariko abahanga batangiye kubona ko hari bamwe:
batabikoraga kubera ubukene cyangwa inyungu,
ahubwo babikoraga basa n’abahatirwa n’ubwenge bwabo (impulse).
Mu gihe cya 1800s, ubwo ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe bwatangiraga gutera imbere i Burayi, abashakashatsi batangiye kubona ko hari “ubujura buturuka ku burwayi bwo mu mutwe”.
Ibi byafashije gutandukanya:
“Umujura w’umunyabyaha” (ushaka inyungu), n’
“Umuntu ufite Kleptomania” (urwara mu mutwe).
🧠 Kugeza ubu, abahanga bavuga ko:
Kleptomania itaba yaratewe n’ikintu kimwe, ahubwo ivuka ku mpamvu zihuza ibintu byinshi:
1. Uburyo ubwonko bukora ku misemburo y’ibyishimo (dopamine system) — iyo umuntu yiba, hari amarangamutima y’ibyishimo amuzamukamo, bigatuma ubwonko bwiyibagiza ko ari bibi, ahubwo nk’uko umuntu aba yishimira ikintu cyamushimishije.
2. Ibibazo by’imitekerereze — nko guhagarika amarangamutima cyangwa impulse control disorder.
None ubwo tugeze aha ndagira ngo mbibutse iyi nkuru; RUTSIRO: Umwarimu aracyekwaho kwiba amasahane, ibikombe na mudasobwa!
Iyo nkuru wayibonye? Nimba utayibonye reka nyikibwire, reka nyikwibutse nawe wayibonye;
Umwarimu witwa Eugene wari usanzwe yigisha ku kigo cya College de la Paix giherereye mu murenge wa Gihango, akagari ka Congo Nil, mu mudugudu wa Mukeberi ho mu karere ka Rutsiro, yatawe muri yombi n’urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe iperereza nyuma yo gusanganwa Ibikombe, Amasahani n’akuma gatera garafezi, mudasobwa… bivugwa ko yagiye abyiba mu kigo mu bihe bitandukanye.
Uko byagenze ngo afatwe rero, mu gipangu yari asanzwe acumbitsemo, habuze Telephone ya smart phone yo mu bwoko bwa Infinix, iyo telephone yabuze yari iy’umugore wa nyirinzu (mabuja), mu rwego rwo kumenya irengero ryayo rero, biyemeza gusaka abari aho bose no mu mazu yabo, niko kuyisanga mu nzu y’uyu mwarimu.
Si iyo gusa basanzemo kuko bahise basangamo n’ibyo bikoresho byose, adafitiye ubusobanuro. Ibyakurikiyeho ni inkuru imujyana mu mategeko.
Mbibutse gato kuri ya ndwara yacu twahoze tuvugaho yitwa Kleptomenia? Oya nako twamaze kuyisobanukirwa. Ahubwo icyo nibaza nawe wakwibaza, ntiwasanga uyu mwarimu yaramaze gushegeshwa n’ubu burwayi, icyaha kikazamuhama kandi nyamara yari akeneye ubundi butabazi bwisumbuye?
Mudasobwa na Telephone, byakumvikana ko ari ingeso ishobora no kuzakura. Ariko harazamo urujijo rukomeye ucyumvamo isahane n’igikombe, noneho na ka kuma gatera garafeze. Ese ubu ni ubujura, cg ni uburwayi?
DORE UKO KLEPTOMENIA IVURWA
Terapie y’imitekerereze (psychotherapy), cyane cyane Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Rimwe na rimwe abafite ikibazo gikomeye bahabwa n’imiti (antidepressants cyangwa mood stabilizers).
💡 Mu magambo make:
👉 Kleptomania ni indwara ituma umuntu yiba utuntu duto atari uko abishaka cyangwa abikeneye, ahubwo ari ukwikiza igitutu cyo mu mutwe.
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