Igihe Barack Obama yatorerwaga kuyobora Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, hari abayobozi benshi ku isi babonye ko hari urupapuro rushya rufungutse mu mateka ya politiki mpuzamahanga. Muri bo harimo na Muammar Gaddafi , wari umaze imyaka irenga 40 ayoboye Libya mu buryo budasanzwe ku mugabane wa Afurika.
Gaddafi yabonye intsinzi ya Obama nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko isi ishobora guhinduka. Yizeraga ko igihe cy’ibihano, akato, n’ukutizerana byari byararanze umubano wa Libya n’ibihugu by’i Burayi na Amerika byari bigiye gusimbuzwa imikoranire ishingiye ku bwubahane.
Mu myaka yabanje, Libya yari yarashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ibihugu bishinjwa gushyigikira iterabwoba. Mu 1988 habaye igitero ku ndege ya Pan American World Airways, izwi nka Pan Am 103, yaturikiye i Lockerbie muri Scotland. Nyuma y’iperereza ryimbitse, Libya yemeye uruhare rwayo mu iturika ry’iyo ndege, yemera no gutanga indishyi za miliyari z’amadolari ku miryango y’ababuze ababo.
Mu 2003, ubuyobozi bwa Gaddafi bwatangaje ko buhagaritse burundu gahunda zabwo zo gukora intwaro za kirimbuzi n’izindi zishobora guteza akaga gakomeye. Ni icyemezo cyafashwe nk’intambwe ikomeye yo kwiyegereza amahanga no gusubira mu muryango mpuzamahanga.
Libya yatangiye gufungura imiryango yayo ku bashoramari n’ibihugu byari byarayishyize mu kato. Abayobozi bakomeye b’i Burayi basuye Tripoli; amasezerano y’ubucuruzi n’ingufu arasinywa; amafoto yo gusuhuzanya no guhana ibiganza arasakara.
Ku ruhande rwa Gaddafi, byari ukwizera ko amahitamo yo kwiyegereza amahanga, gutanga indishyi no gusenya intwaro, byari kumurinda akato n’intambara. Yari ahisemo inzira y’ubufatanye aho kuba iyo guhangana.
Ariko mu 2011, ibintu byahindutse byihuse cyane.
Mu gihe imyigaragambyo yari ikomeje mu bihugu bitandukanye by’Abarabu, na Libya yahuye n’imvururu zishingiye ku kutishimira ubutegetsi bwa Gaddafi. Ibihugu by’i Burayi na Amerika byamaganye imikoreshereze y’ingufu ku baturage. Inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yemeje icyemezo cyo kurinda abasivili, maze itangiza ibitero byo mu kirere.
Ibyari byatangajwe nk’igikorwa cyo kurinda abaturage byarangiye bihinduye isura y’ubutegetsi bwa Libya burundu. Mu Kwakira 2011, Gaddafi yishwe n’inyeshyamba zari zishyigikiwe n’ingabo mpuzamahanga. Ubutegetsi bwe burahirikwa.
Nyuma y’iyo ntambara, Libya ntiyongeye kubona ituze rirambye. Amatsinda yitwaje intwaro, ubuyobozi butavuga rumwe, n’intambara z’imbere mu gihugu byakurikiyeho. Ibikorwa remezo byarasenyutse, ubukungu burahungabana, abaturage benshi barahunga.
Abasesenguzi bamwe bavuga ko Gaddafi yizeye ko kwiyegereza amahanga no kureka intwaro byari kumurinda iherezo rikaze. Abandi bo bavuga ko ibibazo bya Libya byari byarashinze imizi mu miyoborere idaha umwanya uhagije demokarasi n’ubwisanzure bw’abaturage, bityo impinduka zari zaratinze.
Inkuru ya Gaddafi igaragaramo isomo rikomeye muri politiki mpuzamahanga: kwiyegereza amahanga ntibisobanura byanze bikunze uburinzi buhoraho; ariko kandi, kugundira ubutegetsi no gukoresha igitugu nabyo ntibihesha igihugu ituze rirambye.
Uyu munsi, Libya iracyashakisha inzira iganisha ku mahoro arambye no ku miyoborere ihamye. Impinduka Gaddafi yizeraga ntizamurokoye; ariko n’impinduka zakurikiyeho ntizahise zizana ituze yari yarasezeranyije igihugu cye.
Ni amateka akomeje kwibutsa isi ko mu mikoranire mpuzamahanga, inyungu z’ibihugu zikunze kurusha ubucuti imbaraga, kandi ko icyizere kidashyigikiwe n’imbaraga z’imbere mu gihugu gishobora guhinduka intege nke.
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