BRICS i Rio de Janeiro: Isi irimo kwivumbura ku itegeko rya Dollar ifaranga rya Amerika ryigaruriye ubukungu bw’Isi

Mu mujyi wa Rio de Janeiro muri Brazil, habereye inama y’ingenzi y’umuryango wa BRICS, inama yatumye amajwi menshi ahaguruka hirya no hino ku isi, by’umwihariko i Washington. Uyu muryango usanzwe ugizwe na Brazil, Russia, India, China na South Africa, uri mu rugendo rwo kwaguka no kwigira, ugashaka uburyo bushya bwo kugena ejo hazaza h’ubukungu bw’isi hatagendeye ku bitekerezo bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cyangwa izindi mbaraga za G7.

Mu by’ukuri, BRICS ni kimwe mu bigo mpuzamahanga byakomeje kwirinda kugendera ku murongo wa politiki z’ibihugu bikize, ahubwo ugashyira imbere icyerekezo cy’ubwisanzure n’iterambere rirambye rishingiye ku nyungu rusange. Mu nama yabereye muri Brazil, abayobozi b’ibihugu bigize BRICS basubiye ku nkingi ngenderwaho z’uyu muryango, bagaruka ku gaciro k’ubufatanye, uburinganire, no kubaka ubukungu buhamye budashingiye ku gusabiriza isoko cyangwa kurindira amabwiriza y’ibihugu bikize.

Iyi nama yabaye mu gihe isi yugarijwe n’ihangana rikomeye hagati y’uburasirazuba n’iburengerazuba, mu gihe ubukungu bwa Amerika bukomeje kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’uruhuri rw’ibibazo birimo ubukungu budasobanutse, intambara z’amasoko n’intambara za politiki zigenda zisatira. BRICS rero ibonwa nk’amahirwe mashya yo guhagarika ubukungu bw’isi gushingira kuri Dollar ya Amerika nk’ifatizo, ibintu Amerika ibonamo nk’icyago.

Muri iyi nama, abari bayoboye ibiganiro bagaragaje neza ko isi itakiri iya bake, ko igihe kigeze ngo uburenganzira ku masoko mpuzamahanga busaranganywe ku buryo buri gihugu, haba icyo muri Afurika, Aziya cyangwa Amerika y’Epfo, cyagira ijambo n’uruhare mu kugena ubukungu bwacyo. Bagize bati: “Nta gihugu gikwiye guterwa ubwoba n’ifaranga rimwe rifite ububasha bwo guhungabanya ubuzima bw’abaturage bo ku yindi migabane.”

Ikigaragara ni uko BRICS ishaka guhindura uburyo isi ikoresha mu bucuruzi no mu guhererekanya serivisi n’ibicuruzwa, aho kwifashisha ifaranga rimwe ry’inyungu za rubanda ruto, ahubwo buri gihugu kikagira amahirwe yo gukoresha ururimi rwacyo, ifaranga ryacyo n’imiyoborere iboneye. Hari ibiganiro bikomeje byo gushyiraho ifaranga rimwe rishya rikoreshwa n’ibi bihugu mu bucuruzi hagati yabyo, bigamije kugabanya ubukana bwa Dollar ku isoko, bikaba aribyo biri gutera Amerika impungenge cyane.

Mu gihe isi yose iri kwerekeza ku kwikura mu bucakara bw’imiryango mpuzamahanga iyobowe n’ibihugu bikize, BRICS nayo iri gukomeza kwiyubaka no kugenda yakira ibihugu bishya. Iran, Ethiopia, Egypt, Argentina n’ibindi byatangiye gutanga ubusabe bwo kwinjira muri uyu muryango, ibintu bigaragaza uburyo uyu muryango ushobora guhinduka isoko rinini kurusha iry’uburengerazuba. Birashoboka ko mu myaka mike iri imbere, BRICS yaba ihuje igice kinini cy’abaturage b’isi n’umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa biva cyangwa bijya ku masoko.

Muri make, inama yabereye i Rio de Janeiro si inama isanzwe. Ni igikorwa gifite ubutumwa bwimbitse: ubutumwa bwo kwigobotora ubutegetsi bw’ifaranga rimwe, ubutumwa bwo gushaka ubukungu bwubakiye ku bufatanye aho guhatana mu buryo bw’agahimano, ndetse n’ubutumwa bwo kubaka isi y’ejo hazaza h’abana bose, hatagendeye ku moko, inkomoko, ubukire cyangwa imbaraga za gisirikare.

Ni cyo gituma Amerika ibona BRICS nk’igikoko kiri kuvuka. Si uko ifite intwaro, si uko irimo ibihugu bikomeye bya gisirikare gusa, ahubwo ni uko ifite igitekerezo gishobora guhindura amahame yagiye ayobora isi kuva mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi kugeza ubu: igitekerezo cy’uko buri gihugu gifite uburenganzira ku bukungu, aho kuba igikoresho mu nzira y’amafaranga y’inyungu z’abandi.

Amahirwe ari mu biganza by’isi yose. Ariko ibihugu nk’ibyo bigize BRICS birimo kwerekana ko ibyo bishoboka ari uko hari ubwiyunge, ubufatanye n’ubushake bwo kwigenga mu mitekerereze n’imiyoborere. Isi y’ubu si iy’abanyamaboko gusa, ahubwo ni iy’abatekereza kure, abayobozi bashaka iterambere rusange aho irari ry’inyungu ryari risanzwe ritwara byose.

Inama y’i Rio de Janeiro yatumye isi itekereza ku byahinduka. Ariko ikiruta byose, yerekanye ko impinduka zishoboka, ko hari abandi batemera ko ubukire bushingira ku kubuza abandi amahirwe, ko isi itari iy’abakomeye gusa, ko uburenganzira bwo kuba ku isoko atari impano y’igihugu kimwe ahubwo ari uburenganzira bw’abantu bose batuye isi.