Impinduka z’Imisoro mu Rwanda 2025/26: Ibisobanuro by’Ukutajyana n’Amabwiriza y’Imisoro ya EAC
Kigali — Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangaje gahunda nshya y’imisoro izatangira gukurikizwa mu ngengo y’imari ya 2025/2026, aho igaragaza ko hari zimwe mu ngamba z’ubukungu zizajya kure y’amabwiriza asanzwe agenga imisoro y’akarere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC). Iyo gahunda ishyira imbere kongera ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza imisoro imbere mu gihugu, ariko kandi ikaba ishyira mu kaga ihuriro ry’akarere n’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka.
Inyungu z’igihugu ziruta ibyo mu karere?
Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi yatangaje ko mu rwego rwo gushaka uburyo bwo kwiyubakira ubukungu bushingiye ku musoro uturutse imbere mu gihugu, hari ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bizashyirirwaho imisoro ihanitse kurusha isanzwe ishyirwaho mu rwego rw’akarere. Hari n’ibindi bizakurwaho imisoro cyangwa bigashyirirwaho imisoro yo hasi, cyane cyane ibikoresho by’ibanze byifashishwa mu nganda n’ishoramari.
Ibi bikozwe mu gihe ibihugu bigize EAC bigomba gukoresha igipimo kimwe cy’imisoro ku bicuruzwa byinjira biva hanze y’akarere, kizwi nka Common External Tariff (CET). Nubwo ibihugu bifite uburenganzira bwo gusaba gutandukira igihe runaka, ibyo bigomba kuba byemejwe n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri b’akarere.
U Rwanda rwasabye ku mugaragaro kugira ibicuruzwa bimwe bitazashyirwaho ibipimo bya CET mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe, ruvuga ko bigamije kurinda inganda zikiri nto no guhangana n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko.
Abazabyungukiramo n’abazahazaharira
Ibicuruzwa byagaragajwe nk’ibizazamo impinduka ni nk’inkweto, imyenda, ibiribwa biva hanze, n’imodoka zikoreshwa. Ni ibicuruzwa bifatwa nk’ibyarangije gukoreshwa (finished goods), kandi guverinoma yifuza ko imisoro izaba ihanitse kugira ngo bifashe abashoramari b’imbere mu gihugu kubona isoko ryagutse.
Abanyenganda n’abahinzi bashima iyi ngamba bavuga ko izabafasha kurinda isoko ryabo. Ariko abacuruzi binjiza ibicuruzwa n’abaturage basanzwe bafite impungenge ko ibi bizatera izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ibanze ku isoko.
Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’abaturage nayo ivuga ko iyi gahunda ishobora kongera ubukene n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku bicuruzwa by’ibanze, bityo abaturage batishoboye bakaba aribo bazahura n’ingaruka mbi cyane.
Uko EAC yakiriye uku kutajyana
Iyi si inshuro ya mbere igihugu cyo muri EAC gitandukira ibisanzwe bigenderwaho mu misoro. Kenya na Uganda nabo mu myaka yashize bagiye bashyiraho imisoro yihariye ku bicuruzwa bimwe. Ibi ariko bikomeje gutera impagarara mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka no mu igenamigambi ry’ubucuruzi ry’akarere.
Dr. Vincent Nduwayo, impuguke mu bucuruzi bwo mu karere usanzwe akorera i Arusha muri Tanzania, yagize ati:
“Ikibazo si uko u Rwanda rushaka kurengera ubukungu bwarwo, ahubwo ni uburyo ibihugu bikomeje gukora ku giti cyabyo. Ibi bikuraho icyizere ku isoko rusange no ku bashoramari bari biteze imisoro imwe hose mu karere.”
Kandi, nk’uko abasesenguzi babivuga, iyo buri gihugu gitangiye gushyiraho imisoro yacyo, byorohereza ubucuruzi butemewe n’amategeko ndetse bigatuma imisoro yinjira iba mike kurushaho.
Guverinoma ivuga ko bidahungabanya ubufatanye
Abategetsi b’u Rwanda bavuga ko intego atari ugutandukana n’akarere, ahubwo ari ugushaka ibisubizo mu buryo bw’igihe gito. Bashimangira ko u Rwanda rugikomeye ku ntego z’ihuriro ry’akarere, ariko rukwiye no guhabwa ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo byihariye rufite mu bukungu.
Guverinoma yiteguye gusobanurira Inama y’Abaminisitiri ba EAC ko impinduka zishingiye ku nyungu rusange kandi ko zizamara igihe gito, ntizizahindura amahame y’akarere.
Impamvu zituma ibi bifatwa nk’urugero rw’ahazaza
Iyi gahunda nshya y’u Rwanda ni urubuga rwo kwisuzuma ku bufatanye bw’akarere mu by’ubukungu: Ese intego nk’iyo yo kugira imisoro imwe iracyashoboka mu gihe ibihugu bifite ubushobozi butandukanye, ibibazo byihariye, n’icyerekezo gitandukanye?
Aho kugira ngo ibi byitiranywe no gusenyuka kw’akarere, bamwe babibona nk’umwanya wo kongera gutekereza ku mikorere ya CET, ndetse hakanozwa uburyo bwo kugabanya ibidindiza isoko rusange.