Ubujura bwo kuri internet mu Rwanda: mu ijoro rimwe konti 20 z’abantu zirasukurwa ntaw’umenye uko byagenze

Mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje kwihuta mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kwishyurana hifashishijwe telefoni no kubika amafaranga mu buryo bwa digital, hari ikindi kibazo kiri gukura bucece ariko gifite ubukana bukomeye: ubujura bwo kuri internet. Nubwo bitavugwa cyane mu buryo bwagutse mu itangazamakuru, inkuru z’abaturage batakaje amafaranga kuri konti zabo za mobile money, abibwe binyuze mu butumwa bwa WhatsApp cyangwa emails, ndetse n’abahuye n’uburiganya bwa online, zikomeje kwiyongera.

Ibi bituma havuka ikibazo gikomeye ku mutekano w’amafaranga y’abaturage: ese uburyo bwo kwishyura no kubika amafaranga bwifashisha ikoranabuhanga burizewe koko, cyangwa hari icyuho kinini kiri gukoreshwa kikanabyazwa umusaruro n’abagizi ba nabi?

Uko ubujura bukorwa mu buryo bwihishe

Ubujura bwo kuri internet ntibukorwa mu buryo bugaragara nk’ubusanzwe. Ntihabaho kumena inzu cyangwa kwiba mu muhanda. Ahubwo bukoresha ubwenge n’uburiganya, bukinjira mu makuru bwite y’umuntu, bukayakoresha mu kumwiba atabizi.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bukoreshwa, ariko bumwe mu bugaragara cyane mu Rwanda burimo ubwitwa (phishing), aho umuntu yoherezwa ubutumwa bumusaba gutanga amakuru ye bwite nk’ijambo ry’ibanga cyangwa nimero y’ibanga ya mobile money. Kenshi ubu butumwa buza bugaragara nk’aho buvuye ku kigo cyizewe, bigatuma uwabwakiriye atabukeka.

Hari kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha WhatsApp, aho konti y’umuntu ishobora kwinjirwamo n’undi muntu, akiyitirira nyirayo, akandikira inshuti ze abasaba amafaranga mu buryo bwihutirwa. Kubera icyizere kiri hagati y’abantu, usabwa amafaranga ashobora kuyatanga atabanje gushishoza.

Ikindi kandi, hari uburyo bwo guhamagara abantu wiyitiriye umukozi wa sosiyete y’itumanaho cyangwa banki, ubabwira ko hari ikibazo kuri konti yabo, ukabasaba amakuru y’ibanga kugira ngo ubafashe. Iyo bamaze kuyatanga, konti zabo zishobora guhita zisukurwa mu gihe gito cyane.

Abahura n’iki kibazo ni bande?

Ikigaragara ni uko ubu bujura budahitamo abantu. Abakoresha telefoni zigezweho n’abakoresha izisanzwe, abatuye mu mijyi n’abo mu cyaro, bose bashobora guhura n’iki kibazo. Ariko hari ibyiciro by’abantu byibasirwa cyane kurusha ibindi, cyane cyane abafite ubumenyi buke ku ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa abataramenyera neza uburyo bwo kwirinda uburiganya bwo kuri internet.

Mu mijyi, aho ikoreshwa rya mobile money n’izindi serivisi za digital riri hejuru, ni ho hagaragara ibibazo byinshi by’ubu bujura. Ariko no mu cyaro, aho abantu batangiye gukoresha telefoni mu kubika no kohereza amafaranga, ikibazo kiragenda cyiyongera buhoro buhoro.

Impamvu ikibazo gikomeje kwiyongera

Kuba ubujura bwo kuri internet bukomeje kwiyongera bifitanye isano n’impamvu nyinshi. Icya mbere ni ukwiyongera kw’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Uko abantu benshi barushaho gukoresha telefoni mu bikorwa by’ubukungu, ni ko n’abagizi ba nabi babona amahirwe menshi yo kubageraho.

Ikindi ni uko ubumenyi ku bijyanye n’umutekano wo kuri internet butagera kuri bose. Abantu benshi ntibazi neza uko bakwirinda, cyangwa bakaba batinya kubaza igihe bahuye n’ibintu bidasanzwe. Ibi bituma abajura babona icyuho cyo gukoresha ayo makuru make bafite.

Hari kandi ikibazo cy’uko bamwe mu bahura n’ubu bujura batabitangaza. Bitewe n’isoni cyangwa gutinya ingaruka, hari abahitamo kubigira ibanga, bigatuma ikibazo kidahabwa uburemere gikwiye mu mibare no mu igenamigambi.

Ingaruka ku baturage n’ubukungu

Iyo umuntu yibwe amafaranga kuri konti ye, ingaruka ntizigarukira ku gutakaza amafaranga gusa. Hari n’ingaruka zo gutakaza icyizere ku buryo bwo kwishyura bwa digital. Umuntu ushobora kuba yaribwe rimwe ashobora gutinya kongera gukoresha mobile money cyangwa izindi serivisi za online, bigatuma asubira mu buryo bwa kera bwo gutwara amafaranga mu ntoki.

Ibi bishobora kudindiza gahunda ya Leta yo guteza imbere ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, kuko iyo abaturage batizeye uburyo bushya, ntibabukoresha uko bikwiye.

Ku rundi ruhande, iyo ubu bujura budakumiriwe, bushobora kugira ingaruka ku rwego rw’igihugu, kuko bushobora gutuma habaho igihombo kinini cy’amafaranga, ndetse bugahungabanya icyizere mu nzego z’imari n’itumanaho.

Ese hari icyakorwa?

Kurwanya ubu bujura bisaba uruhare rw’impande nyinshi. Inzego za Leta zifite inshingano zo gushyiraho amategeko n’amabwiriza arinda abakoresha, ndetse no gukurikirana abagizi ba nabi. Sosiyete zitanga serivisi z’itumanaho nazo zigomba gukomeza kunoza uburyo bwo kurinda konti z’abakiriya no kubaha amakuru ahagije ku buryo bwo kwirinda.

Ariko uruhare rw’umuturage na rwo ni ingenzi cyane. Kumenya kudatanga amakuru y’ibanga, kwitondera ubutumwa buturuka ku bantu batazwi, no kugenzura neza mbere yo kohereza amafaranga, ni zimwe mu ntambwe zishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwibwa.

Ikibazo kigomba gusubizwa

Nubwo hari ingamba zitandukanye zishyirwaho, ikibazo nyamukuru kiguma gihari ni iki: ese umutekano w’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga uri kugendana n’umuvuduko w’ikoreshwa ryaryo?

Niba ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ryihuta kurusha uburyo bwo kuririnda, ubujura bwo kuri internet bushobora gukomeza kwiyongera, bugahinduka ikibazo gikomeye kurushaho mu myaka iri imbere.

Ubujura bwo kuri internet mu Rwanda ni ikibazo kiri gukura bucece ariko gifite uburemere bukomeye. Nubwo ikoranabuhanga rifite uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ubukungu no koroshya ubuzima bw’abaturage, rifite n’ingaruka zishobora kugaragara iyo ridakoreshejwe neza cyangwa ritarindiwe umutekano uhagije.

Inkuru nk’izi zisaba gukomeza gukurikiranwa no gucukumburwa, kugira ngo hatangwe amakuru afatika afasha abaturage kumenya ibyago bibugarije no gufata ingamba zibafasha kubyirinda. Ni bwo ikoranabuhanga rizashobora gukomeza kuba igikoresho cy’iterambere, aho kuba inzira nshya y’ubujura. Ba uwa mbere ku makuru yacu https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vad5UfC89inh67apBK2j