Ubuzima bushingiye ku nguzanyo: Ese izamuka ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli riri gusunikira Abanyarwanda mu madeni?

Mu mujyi wa Kigali, ubuzima bwa buri munsi bwatangiye guhindura isura mu buryo butagaragara ako kanya ariko bufite ingaruka zikomeye. Ku bakozi bahembwa amafaranga adahinduka, ku bacuruzi bato, ndetse no ku miryango iciriritse, izamuka ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli ryahindutse ikibazo kirenze kure igiciro cya lisansi ku mavuta ya moto cyangwa imodoka.

Ndayisaba Eric (izina ryahinduwe), ni umwe mu baturage bakorera mu mujyi wa Kigali uhembwa umushahara uhoraho wa buri kwezi utarenze ibihumbi 120 Frw. Mu kiganiro yagiranye na INGANZO HUB, yavuze ko mbere yakoreshaga nibura ibihumbi 20 Frw ku kwezi mu ngendo, ariko ubu ayo mafaranga yarenze ibihumbi 35 Frw bitewe n’uko ibiciro bya transport byiyongereye.

Ati: “Iyo wongeyeho ibiribwa byazamutse, ubukode n’ibindi, hari aho bigera ukabona nta kundi wabigenza uretse gufata ideni kugira ngo urangize ukwezi.”

Ibi Ndayisaba avuga si igitekerezo cye bwite. Ni ishusho y’icyerekezo cy’ubuzima cyagarutsweho mu bitangazamakuru no mu mibare itangwa n’inzego zitandukanye.

Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda, mu mibare cyagiye gitangaza ku izamuka ry’ibiciro (Consumer Price Index), cyagaragaje ko mu bihe bitandukanye by’umwaka wa 2025 n’intangiriro za 2026, inflation yazamutse cyane cyane bitewe n’ibiciro by’ibiribwa n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Ibi byatumye ubushobozi bw’amafaranga abaturage binjiza bugabanuka ku buryo bugaragara.

Iyo mibare ishyigikirwa n’inkuru zitandukanye zagiye zitangazwa mu binyamakuru byo mu Rwanda. Urugero, The Mew Times yigeze kugaragaza ko izamuka ry’ibiciro bya lisansi rifite ingaruka zitaziguye ku biciro by’ibiribwa, kuko ibicuruzwa byinshi biva mu cyaro bijyanwa mu mijyi hifashishijwe transport ishingiye kuri peteroli.

Mu buryo bumwe, IGIHE na yo yagiye itangaza inkuru zigaragaza uko ibiciro ku masoko byagiye bizamuka, aho abacuruzi bagaragazaga ko igiciro cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa cyiyongereye, bigatuma n’igiciro ku muguzi wa nyuma cyiyongera.

Ariko ikibazo gikomeye si izamuka ry’ibiciro ubwaryo ahubwo ni uburyo abaturage babyitwaramo.

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, BNR, muri raporo zayo z’igihe gito ku bukungu (Monetary Policy and Financial Stability reports), yagiye igaragaza ko urwego rw’imari rukomeje kwaguka, harimo no kwiyongera kw’inguzanyo zihabwa abaturage. Nubwo ibi bishobora gusobanurwa nk’iterambere ry’ubukungu, abasesenguzi bagaragaza ko hari igice cy’izo nguzanyo kijya mu gukemura ibibazo bya buri munsi aho kujya mu ishoramari.

Ku rundi ruhande, Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Ministry  of Finance and Economic Planning, mu bisobanuro byagiye bitangwa ku ishusho y’ubukungu bw’igihugu, yagaragaje ko izamuka ry’ibiciro rifitanye isano n’impinduka ku isoko mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane ku biciro bya peteroli n’ibiribwa. Leta igaragaza ko hari ingamba zafashwe zirimo kugenzura ibiciro ku isoko no gukomeza guteza imbere ubwikorezi butangiza ibidukikije bushobora kugabanya gushingira kuri peteroli.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, ku rwego rw’ubuzima bwa buri munsi, abaturage benshi bavuga ko izo ngamba zitarabasha kugabanya igitutu cy’ibiciro ku mibereho yabo.

Mu bice bitandukanye by’umujyi wa Kigali, abacuruzi bato bavuga ko inyungu yabo yagabanutse ku buryo bugaragara. Umucuruzi w’imboga ku isoko rya Kimironko waganiye na INGANZO HUB yavuze ko amafaranga akoresha ajya kurangura yazamutse kubera transport, ariko abakiriya be badashobora kugura ku giciro gihanitse cyane, bigatuma inyungu igabanuka.

Iyo inyungu igabanutse, ubuzima bugakomeza guhenda, igisubizo cya hafi kiba gufata ideni.

Serivisi za mobile money n’ibigo by’imari iciriritse byatumye kubona inguzanyo byoroha kurusha mbere. Ariko kuba byaroroshye kubona ayo  amafaranga y’ideni si byo byonyine by’ingenzi ikibazo ni uko ayo mafaranga akoreshwa.

Abasesenguzi mu by’ubukungu bagaragaza ko iyo inguzanyo ikoreshwa mu kugura ibiribwa cyangwa kwishyura ibikenerwa bya buri munsi, idatanga umusaruro uzafasha kuyishyura. Ibi bishobora gutuma abantu bagwa mu cyiswe “debt cycle”, aho umuntu ahora afata ideni rishya kugira ngo yishyure irishaje.

Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ikibazo cy’izamuka rya peteroli n’ingaruka zacyo ku baturage bo hasi cyagarutsweho n’imiryango nka International Monetary Fund, igaragaza ko ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere byibasirwa cyane n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku masoko mpuzamahanga, bigatuma ubuzima bwa rubanda rugufi burushaho guhenda.

Ibimenyetso byose byerekana ko izamuka ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli rifite ingaruka zirenze kure igiciro cya lisansi ubwacyo. Rihindura ubuzima bw’abaturage, rikagabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihaza, ndetse rikabashyira mu mwanya wo kwitabaza amadeni kugira ngo babashe kubaho.

Ikibazo gikomeye si uko abantu bafata amadeni ahubwo ni uko bayafata badafite ubushobozi bwo kuyishyura mu buryo burambye.

Mu gihe nta gihindutse ku muvuduko w’izamuka ry’ibiciro cyangwa ku bushobozi bw’abaturage bwo kongera umusaruro, ubuzima bushingiye ku nguzanyo bushobora guhinduka ibisanzwe ku miryango myinshi—ikibazo kitazagarukira ku mibereho y’uyu munsi gusa, ahubwo kikagira ingaruka no ku bukungu bw’ejo hazaza. Ba uwa mbere ku makuru yacu https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vad5UfC89inh67apBK2j