Ubutumwa bwashyizwe ku rubuga rwa X n’umukobwa uzwi ku izina rya Isimbi Noeline, uzwi kandi nka Narubega Noeline cyangwa Lexi Luve, bwateje impaka ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nyuma yo kugaragaza impungenge zikomeye ku buzima bwa se wahoze ari umusirikare.

Mu butumwa bwe, Isimbi yavuze ko se afite ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, birimo Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), indwara ishobora kuvuka nyuma yo kunyura mu bintu bikomeye kandi biteye ubwoba, cyane cyane ku bantu baba baragize uruhare mu ntambara cyangwa bakaba barahuye n’ibindi bintu byibasira ubuzima bwabo mu buryo bukomeye.

Isimbi yavuze ko se ubu adashobora kwiyitaho uko bikwiye, ndetse ko yagiye asaba ubufasha mu nzego zitandukanye ariko akaba atarabona igisubizo avuga ko gishimishije. Mu butumwa yanyujijea ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, yagaragaje ko yageze no kuri Minisiteri y’Ingabo, ndetse no kuri Rwanda Demobilisation and Reintegration Commission (RDRC), urwego rushinzwe gahunda zijyanye no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe no gufasha abahoze ari  abasirikare bavuye mu mirimo ya gisirikare.

Ati: “Nagiye muri MINADEF no muri Rwanda Demobilization and Reintegration Commission. Nakomanze kuri buri rugi, ariko nta muntu wamfashije.”

Uyu mukobwa yavuze ko se ubuzima bwe bwangiritse kubera ibikomere by’intambara, kugeza ubwo adashobora kwiyitaho. Yagaragaje ko atifuza ko se yazapfa cyangwa akaboneka yarasigaye wenyine, atitabwaho kandi yaribagiranye, nyamara yarigeze gutanga umusanzu mu rugamba rwo kubohora igihugu.

Yagize ati: “Nimbona data aryamye ahantu yapfuye, yaratereranywe nk’aho nta cyo yari cyo, nk’aho atigeze arwanira iki gihugu, nk’aho igitambo cye nta cyo cyari cyo, bizansigira igikomere nzitwaza ubuzima bwanjye bwose.”

Mu bindi bice by’ubutumwa bwe, yavuze ko se afite PTSD ikomeye ndetse n’indwara zo mu mutwe, ku buryo ngo atagishoboye kwiyitaho.

Ibi byatumye ubutumwa bwe bugera ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane nyuma yo guhamagarira abayobozi kwita ku basirikare n’abahoze ari abasirikare bashobora kuba barasigaye bafite ibikomere bitagaragara ku mubiri, ariko bikomeye ku buzima bwabo bwo mu mutwe.

Yerekeje ubutumwa kuri Perezida Paul Kagame, Gen. James Kabarebe, Minisiteri y’Ingabo ndetse n’urwego rushinzwe demobilisation na reintegration, avuga mu buryo bukomeye ati: “Mukwiye kwita ku ngabo zanyu.”

Ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyagaragajwe n’uyu mukobwa ni iki: Ese umuntu wigeze gutanga imyaka y’ubuzima bwe mu kurwanira igihugu, nyuma yo kuva mu gisirikare, aba akwiye kwitabwaho kugeza ku musozo w’ubuzima bwe cyangwa ubufasha burarangira nyuma y’igihe runaka?

Nk’uko amakuru atangwa na Rwanda Demobilisation and Reintegration Commission abigaragaza, urwo rwego rwashyizweho mu rwego rwo gufasha abahoze ari abasirikare gusubira mu buzima busanzwe, kubafasha kwiyubaka no kongera kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu. Muri gahunda zarwo harimo ubufasha mu gihe cyo gusubizwa mu buzima busanzwe, ubufasha mu mibereho n’ubukungu ndetse n’ubufasha bwihariye ku bafite ubumuga, abarwaye indwara zidakira cyangwa bakeneye ubufasha bwo mu mutwe.

RDRC ivuga kandi ko reinsertion ishobora kuba igihe cy’ubufasha bw’ibanze nyuma yo kuva mu gisirikare, mu gihe reintegration iba igamije gufasha uwahoze ari umusirikare kongera kwinjira mu buzima busanzwe bw’abaturage, haba mu mibereho, mu bukungu no mu mibanire n’abandi. Urwego kandi ruvuga ko gahunda z’igihe kirekire zigomba kwibanda cyane ku bafite ubumuga, abarwaye indwara zidakira ndetse n’abakeneye ubufasha bwo mu mutwe.

Ibi bigaragaza ko, mu buryo bwa gahunda, ikibazo cy’abahoze ari abasirikare bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye kitirengagijwe. Ariko ubutumwa bwa Isimbi bwongeye kuzamura ikibazo gikomeye: ese gahunda ziriho zigera kuri buri muntu uzikeneye?

Kuko kuba hari gahunda ku mpapuro ntibihita bivuga ko buri muntu ubabaye azi aho agana, ko azahabwa igisubizo, cyangwa ko ubufasha azahabwa buzakomeza kugeza igihe ikibazo cye gikemutse.

“Nimbona yapfuye, nzavuga inkuru yanjye yose”

Mu butumwa bwe, Isimbi yakoresheje amagambo agaragaza ko afite uburakari, agahinda n’impungenge ku buzima bwa se.

Yavuze ko igihe se yapfa kubera kutitabwaho, ashobora kuzavuga inkuru yose y’ibyo azi ku buzima bwe n’ibyo yanyuzemo

Mu Kinyarwanda, ubutumwa bwe bwumvikanamo ko agiye gutangira kuvuga inkuru ye ku mugaragaro, avuga ko igihe kigeze kandi ko abantu bakwiye kwitegura kumva ibindi byinshi.

Ibi byatumye bamwe mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga bibaza niba uyu mukobwa ashobora kuba ategura podcast izibanda ku buzima bwa se, ku byo yanyuzemo ndetse n’ibyo we avuga ko yagerageje gukora kugira ngo abone ubufasha.

Ariko kugeza ubu, amakuru yagaragajwe mu butumwa bwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ntabwo ahagije kugira ngo hamenyekane mu buryo burambuye amateka ya se, igihe yamaze mu gisirikare, imiterere y’uburwayi bwe cyangwa intambwe nyayo yafashwe n’inzego yagiye yandikira.

Ni yo mpamvu ibivugwa kuri iyo dosiye bikwiye gufatwa nk’ibirego n’impungenge byagaragajwe n’umwe mu bagize umuryango, mu gihe ibisobanuro byuzuye ku ruhande rw’inzego birebwa n’iki kibazo bitarashyirwa ahagaragara.

Ikibazo gikomeye: ubufasha burangirira he?

Ikibazo cy’abahoze mu gisirikare bafite ibikomere byo mu mutwe ni ikibazo kigoye cyane kurusha uko abantu benshi babitekereza.

Umuntu ashobora kuva ku rugamba afite umubiri muzima, ariko mu mutwe we hakaba harasigaye ibintu atabasha gusobanurira abandi. Ashobora kugira ibibazo byo gusinzira, kwibuka ibintu byamubabaje, kugira ubwoba budasobanutse, kurakara cyane, kwigunga, kwiheba cyangwa kutabasha kongera kubaho mu buzima busanzwe.

Ku muntu wahuye n’ibikorwa by’intambara, ibi bibazo bishobora kumara imyaka myinshi. Kandi akenshi, umuryango ni wo ubibona mbere y’abandi.

Ni yo mpamvu ikibazo cya Isimbi cyongeye kwibutsa abantu ko gahunda yo kwita ku wahoze ari umusirikare idakwiye kurebwa gusa nk’igihe cyo kumuha amahugurwa cyangwa igishoro cyo gutangira ubuzima bushya. Hari n’abantu bashobora kuba bakeneye ubufasha bw’ubuzima, ubufasha bwo mu mutwe, ubufasha bw’imibereho ndetse no gukurikiranwa igihe kirekire.

RDRC ivuga ko gahunda zayo zirimo ubufasha bwihariye ku bafite ubumuga, indwara zidakira ndetse n’ubufasha bwa psychosocial. Ariko ikibazo gisigaye ni ukumenya uko izi gahunda zikurikira umuntu ku giti cye, cyane cyane iyo amaze imyaka myinshi avuye mu gisirikare cyangwa akaba ari umuryango we ubona ko ikibazo gikomeye.

“Mukwiye kwita ku ngabo zanyu”

Ubutumwa bwa Isimbi bushobora kuba ikibazo cy’umuryango umwe gusa. Ariko nanone bushobora kuba umwanya wo kongera kuganira ku kibazo gikomeye kurushaho: uko igihugu kigomba gukomeza kwita ku bantu bakitangiye ubuzima bwabo.

Kuba umuntu yarigeze kuba umusirikare ntibivuze ko ibibazo bye birangira ku munsi asezerewe. Niba afite ubumuga bwatewe n’ibyo yanyuzemo, niba afite indwara zidakira cyangwa ibikomere byo mu mutwe, ikibazo cye gishobora gukomeza imyaka myinshi nyuma yo kuva mu gisirikare.

Mu Rwanda, RDRC yashinzwe kugira ngo ifashe muri demobilisation, reinsertion na reintegration, kandi gahunda zayo zirimo gufasha abahoze mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro gusubira mu buzima busanzwe ndetse no gutanga ubufasha ku bafite ibibazo byihariye.

Ariko ikibazo cy’uyu muryango cyashyize ku meza ikintu gikwiye gusubizwa mu buryo busobanutse: Ese umuntu wavuye mu gisirikare kubera ibibazo by’ubuzima cyangwa ibikomere by’intambara akomeza gukurikiranwa kugeza ryari? Ese ubufasha bwo mu mutwe butangwa igihe cyose bukenewe? Ese umuryango we ufite inzira yoroshye yo gutabaza igihe uwahoze ari umusirikare atagishoboye kwiyitaho?

Ibi ni ibibazo bidakwiye gusubizwa n’amarangamutima gusa. Bikwiye gusubizwa n’amakuru asobanutse, gahunda zizwi n’abaturage ndetse n’uburyo bwo kumenya aho umuntu yajya igihe uwahoze ari umusirikare amaze imyaka myinshi avuye ku rugerero ariko akomeje kubana n’ibikomere byarwo.

Kugeza ubu, Isimbi avuga ko se atitabwaho uko bikwiye. Yavuze ko yagiye asaba ubufasha kandi ko yakomanze ku nzego zitandukanye. Yanasabye abayobozi kwita ku basirikare.

Kandi mu gihe avuga ko agiye gutangira kuvuga inkuru ye yose binyuze muri podcast, benshi basigaye bibaza niba ibyo azavuga bizaba inkuru y’umuryango umwe gusa, cyangwa niba bizafungura ikiganiro kinini ku buzima bw’abahoze ari abasirikare, ibikomere by’intambara, PTSD ndetse n’inshingano igihugu n’imiryango bifite mu kwita ku bantu bigeze kugikorera.

Ibibazo  biracyahari: Abahoze ari abasirikare bitabwaho bate? Ese ubufasha bahabwa bumara igihe kingana iki? Ese iyo umuntu amaze gusaza, arwaye cyangwa akaba atagishoboye kwiyitaho, ni nde uba ufite inshingano zo kumwitaho?

Ba uwa mbere ku makuru yacu https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vad5UfC89inh67apBK2j